Hoʻohui malū e Monsanto i kahi papa pepa i paʻi ʻia i ka puke pai ʻepekema Nā loiloi koʻikoʻi ma Toxicology ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokolokolo ʻia e kahi mea noiʻi e ʻike ma ka liʻiliʻi he ʻekolu o nā pepa e pono ai e hoʻihoʻi ʻia, e like me nā moʻo'ōlelo o ka puke pai i loko. Ua hōʻole ka mea hoʻoponopono nūhou i ka haʻalele ʻana i nā pepa, kahi i hōʻike ʻole ai i ka hopohopo no ka maʻi ʻaʻai me nā lāʻau make o ka hui, e ʻōlelo ana he hiki i ka retraction ke hopena i ka hoʻokolokolo Roundup mua loa o ke kauwela a hōʻeha i ka inoa o nā mea kākau, hōʻike ʻia nā leka uila.

Ua loaʻa nā kamaʻilio nūpepa ma o ka loaʻa ʻana e nā loio e kū ana i kahi mau kaukani mau kānaka hoʻopiʻi iā Monsanto ma luna o nā koi ʻana o nā hui ʻoihana glyphosate i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a ua uhi ʻo Monsanto i nā hōʻike o nā pilikia.

ʻAʻole like nā leka uila Monsanto kūloko i ka mālamalama e hōʻike nei i ka hana a ka hui agrochemical o nā puke ʻepekema e pili ana i kāna lāʻau make, kēia mau leka uila i kikoʻī i ke kaua o loko i loko o kahi hale paʻi ʻepekema nui e pili ana i ka pehea e kū ai i ka pale huna a Monsanto. Ua loaʻa lākou ma ke ʻano he waihona o Roger McClellan, ka luna hoʻoponopono lōʻihi loa o ka puke pai i nānā ʻia e nā hoa Critical Reviews in Toxicology (CRT.)

Ua paʻi ʻia nā pepa i nīnau ʻia e CRT i Kepakemapa 2016 ma ke ʻano he “Loiloi Kūʻokoʻa ” o ka hiki ke loaʻa ka carcinogenic o ka glyphosate o ka mea make a nāhelehele, ka mea nui i ka Monsanto's Roundup herbicide a me nā mana ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā pepa ʻelima i paʻi ʻia ma ke ʻāpana o ka loiloi i kūʻē kūʻē i nā hopena o ka World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), a ma 2015 i ʻike ʻia ai he glyphosate kahi kino kanaka kanesa paha. Ua hoʻoholo nā mea kākau 16 o nā pepa i ke kaupaona o nā hōʻike i hōʻike ʻia ʻaʻole hiki i ka mea pepehi kanaka nāhelehele ke hoʻoweliweli i kekahi kanaka.

Ma ka hopena o nā pepa i ʻōlelo nā mea kākau i ka manuahi o kā lākou hopena i ko Monsanto komo ʻana. Ma ka wehewehe ʻana i ke kūʻokoʻa i manaʻo ʻia o ka hana, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka ʻāpana o ka hoihoi e ʻōlelo ana:

Ua hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻole kēlā ʻōlelo i ka hāʻule o 2017 ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana o nā moʻoʻōlelo o Monsanto e hōʻike nei i ke komo nui ʻana e nā ʻepekema Monsanto i ke kākau ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o nā pepa a me ke komo pū ʻana o kahi ʻoihana i ke koho ʻana i nā mea kākau. Hoʻohui ʻia, hōʻike nā moʻolelo kūloko i nā uku pololei i ʻelua mau mea i kapa ʻia he mea kākau kūʻokoʻa. He ʻaelike ko Monsanto me ka mea kākau ʻo Larry Kier, ʻo kahi laʻana, e uku ana iā ia i $ 27,400 e hana ma nā pepa.

I ka pane ʻana i kēlā mau hōʻike a me nā nīnau mai nā nūhou, ka mea hoʻopuka CRT  Pūʻulu ʻo Taylor & Francis  ua hoʻokumu i kahi hoʻokolokolo ma ka hāʻule o 2017. Ua hōʻike nā kamaʻilio hou i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma hope o ka hala ʻana o nā mahina e nīnau ana i nā mea kākau e pili ana i ka hui ʻana o nā pepa, ua hui ʻia kahi hui o nā loio a me nā loina e nā loea i hui pū ʻia e Taylor & Francis e hūnā nā mea kākau i ke komo pololei ʻana o Monsanto. i nā pepa, a ua hana me ka ʻike. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i hōʻike piha kekahi o nā mea kākau i ka pili ʻana o Monsanto i ka nīnau mua ʻana a Taylor & Francis i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana, e hōʻike ana nā leka uila.

ʻO ka hopena ʻumi wale nō e hoʻihoʻi i 3 o nā ʻatikala; kikoʻī ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, epidemiology a me nā genotoxicity pepa, ”ʻo Taylor & Francis 'Charles Whalley i kākau aku ai iā McClellan ma Mei 18, 2018. ʻO Whalley ka luna hoʻoponopono o ka puke paʻi a me nā puke olakino olakino i kēlā manawa.

Hōʻike nā leka uila kūloko iā McClellan i hōʻole i ka manaʻo o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana, e ʻōlelo ana ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ia he "ʻepekema maikaʻi nā pepa" a hana ʻia "me ka ʻole o ka mana kūwaho" mai Monsanto. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia i kahi retraction e hōʻino ai i ka inoa o nā mea kākau, ka puke pai a me kona kūlana ponoʻī.

"ʻAʻole hiki iaʻu ke ʻae i ke noi no ka hoʻihoʻi āu i hāʻawi ai i kāu memo o Mei 18th, Ua kākau ʻo McClellan i ka pane.  I loko o kahi mau leka uila ua kau ʻo McClellan i kāna mau manaʻo kūʻē i ka haʻalele ʻana, e ʻōlelo ana "ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā pepa e hana ʻino ʻole i nā ʻaoʻao he nui e like me, ka hapa nui o nā mea a pau, nā mea kākau, ka Journal, ka mea hoʻopuka a me nā limahana nui e like me ʻoe a, me ka hoʻohui , ʻo wau i kaʻu kuleana ma ke ʻano he ʻEpekema ʻEpekema o CRT. ”

i ka leka uila i hana ʻia June 5, 2018, Ua haʻi ʻo McClellan ua ʻike ʻo ia he "hoihoi" ko Monsanto i ka paʻi ʻia ʻana o nā pepa a ua ʻike pono ʻo ia i nā pilina o Monsanto, e like me nā ʻaelike uku pānaʻi, me nā mea kākau, a ua māʻona nō naʻe nā pepa "ʻepekema maikaʻi."

"I koʻu manaʻo loea, ʻo nā pepa Glyphosate ʻelima nā ʻāpana ʻepekema o ka hana e hōʻike maopopo ana i ke kaʻina hana i hoʻohana ʻia e loiloi ai i ka hōʻike IARC a hāʻawi i kahi ʻano o ka weliweli ʻē aʻe," i kākau ʻo McClellan. "Kuhi ʻepekema nā leo ʻelima. He mea hōʻeha ia i nā loina ʻepekema a me kaʻu mau kūlana ponoʻī o ka pono ʻepekema e ʻae i ka haʻalele ʻana i kekahi o nā pepa Glyphosate a pau paha ... ”

Ua hoʻokahuli ʻo Whalley i hope, e ʻōlelo ana ua maopopo leʻa ka hewa o nā mea kākau o nā "lawehala a me ka uhaʻi ʻana i nā loina o ka paʻi ʻana," a ʻoi loa ka hewa e hiki ai ke haʻalele. ʻO nā "haki o nā loina hoʻopuka a mākou i ʻike ai ma kēia hihia he mau haki ākea o nā kūlana kūpono a me ka maopopo i wehewehe ʻia, a ʻaʻole i pili i ke kuhi hewa ʻana i nā kikoʻī a i ʻole ka nuance," Whalley i kākau aku ai iā McClellan. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua loiloi ka mea paʻi i nā alakaʻi mai ke Kōmike no nā Ethics Publication (COPE) ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana. "He hōʻike ka hoʻomaha ʻana e hana nei nā kulekele hoʻoponopono, ʻaʻole no ka holo pono ʻole," kākau ʻo ia.

Ua paio ʻo Whalley lāua ʻo McClellan no ka retraction no kekahi mau mahina, e hōʻike ana nā moʻolelo. I hoʻokahi Iulai 22, 2018 leka uila Ua kuhikuhi ʻo McClellan i ka ka hoʻokolokolo mua iā Monsanto ma luna o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai Roundup i kēlā manawa no laila ua kūkākūkā nui ʻia nā kūkala nūhou e pili ana i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana mai ka wā ʻo Johnson vs. Monsanto e hoʻokolokolo ʻia ana ma Kapalakiko. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ma kahi o ka huki hou ʻana i nā pepa, hoʻoponopono pololei lākou i ka ʻāpana ma ka hopena o nā pepa kahi a nā mea kākau e hōʻike ai i nā hakakā kūʻē.

"Koi aku wau iā ʻoe e ʻae i kaʻu ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e hoʻopuka i nā ʻōlelo hoʻolaha i hoʻoponopono ʻia a hoʻonui ʻia a haʻalele i ke ʻano" we gotcha "me Retraction o nā pepa," kākau ʻo McClellan iā Whalley i ka leka uila o Iulai 2018. "ʻAʻole wau e ʻae i kuʻu inoa loaʻa maikaʻi e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e nā hana kū ʻole a capricious a haʻi."

"I kēia hihia, pono mākou e hoʻāʻo e kū like i ka ʻaelike ma kahi hopena kaulike i kūpono iā FAIR i nā mea kākau, ka mea hoʻopuka, nā mea heluhelu CRT, ka lehulehu a me aʻu ma ke ʻano he luna hoʻoponopono a me ka papa hoʻoponopono CRT. ʻAʻole pono mākou e hele i kahi ala e hoʻoholo ai i nā mea lanakila a me nā eo ma nā hihia kū kānāwai e pili ana i ka mea i ʻae ʻia e hōʻike i nā puke i nānā ʻia e nā hoa, "i kākau ai ʻo McClellan.

ʻAʻole ʻo McClellan a me Whalley i pane i kahi noi no ka manaʻo e pili ana i kēia ʻatikala.

Ua manaʻo nui ʻia ka moʻo CRT glyphosate no ka hōʻike ākea ʻia ʻana o kāna ʻike e nā nūhou a puni ka honua a kanalua i ka pono o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka IARC. Ua paʻi ʻia nā pepa i kahi manawa koʻikoʻi ʻoiai e kū ana ʻo Monsanto i nā kānalua e nā mea hoʻokele ʻEulopa e pili ana i ka ʻae ʻana i ka glyphosate e noho ma ka mākeke a ulu ulu ʻole i nā mākeke US pū kekahi. Ua "komo ākea" ʻia ka moʻo 2016, me kekahi o nā pepa i ke kaʻina i kiʻi ʻia "ma mua o 13,000 manawa," e like me ka palapala a ka puke pai kūloko.

Ua waiho ʻia ka mea nui o nā pepa iā Monsanto i loko o kahi palapala pilikino i kau ʻia ma ka lā 11 o Mei 2015, kahi a nā ʻepekema Monsanto i ʻōlelo ai e pili ana i nā hoʻolālā "ghost-kākau" e hāʻawi ai i ka hilinaʻi i nā pepa "kūʻokoʻa" a ka hui i makemake ai e hana a laila e hoʻopuka ʻia e CRT. Monsanto i kūkala i ka 2015 e hoʻolimalima ana ʻo Intertek Scientific & Regulate Consultancy e hui pū i kahi panela o nā ʻepekema kūʻokoʻa e nānā i ka hoʻohālikelike IARC o glyphosate ma ke ʻano he carcinogen paha. Akā ua hoʻohiki ka hui ʻaʻole e pili i ka loiloi.

ʻOiai ʻo Monsanto ke komo ʻana i hōʻike ʻia i 2017 ʻaʻole i hana ʻo Taylor & Francis i kahi hana ākea a hiki i Kepakemapa 2018 ʻoiai ka hakakā a ka mea paʻi a me ka mea hoʻoponopono e pili ana i ka pilikia retraction. Ua lanakila ʻo McClellan i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa a ʻaʻole i hana ʻia i hope. Hōʻike nā leka uila kūloko ua hoʻomaopopo ʻo Whalley i nā mea kākau he 16 o nā pepa glyphosate o ka hoʻoholo e paʻi wale i nā hoʻoponopono i nā ʻatikala a hōʻano hou i nā hoʻolaha o ka hoihoi i ka hope o nā pepa. ʻAukake 31, 2018 'ōlelo ka leka uila:

            "Ua hoʻomaopopo mākou, ʻoiai nā noi no ka hōʻike piha ʻana, ʻo nā ʻōlelo mahalo a me ka ʻllelo Hoʻākāka o ka hoihoi ʻaʻole i hōʻike piha i ka pili o Monsanto a i kāna mau limahana a i ʻole nā ​​mea hana i ka mea kākau o nā ʻatikala. E like me ka mea i kuhikuhi ʻia i kā mākou memo mua iā ʻoe, pili pololei kēia i nā ʻōlelo i:

           'ʻAʻole kekahi o nā limahana ʻo Monsanto a i ʻole nā ​​loio i loiloi i kekahi o ka Panel Expert nā palapala kākau ma mua o ka waiho ʻana i ka puke pai. ' a ʻo ia 'Hana ʻia ka poʻe loea loea e, a hana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kūkākūkā i, lntertek, a ʻaʻole i hoʻopili pololei ʻia e ka Hui Monsanto. ' 

          "Mai nā ʻike āu i hāʻawi mai ai iā mākou, manaʻoʻiʻo mākou ʻaʻole i pololei kekahi o kēia mau ʻōlelo i ka manawa o ka waiho ʻana. Kūʻē kēia i nā ʻōlelo hoʻolaha āu i hana ai ma ka waiho ʻana a me nā palapala hoʻokō āu i hana ai i loko o ka ʻAoʻao Publishing Agreements e pili ana i kou hoʻokō ʻana i nā kulekele a Taylor & Francis. I mea e hoʻolako ai i ka transparency pono i kā mākou poʻe heluhelu, e hoʻolaha mākou i nā hoʻoponopono i kāu mau ʻatikala e hoʻohou i kā lākou mau hoʻomaikaʻi a me ka ʻlelo Hoʻolaha o nā manaʻo hoihoi e like me nā mea āu i hāʻawi ai.

I Kepakemapa o 2018 ua hōʻano hou ʻia nā pepa e lawe i kahi "Expression of Concern" a me nā mea hou i ka hōʻoia a me ka hoʻolaha o nā makemake. Akā ʻoiai ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pili o Monsanto, ua kuleana ʻia nā pepa me ka huaʻōlelo “kūʻokoʻa.”

Ua haʻalele ʻo Whalley iā Taylor & Francis i ʻOkakopa o 2018.

Ua hoʻopilikia ka mālama ʻana o ka puke pai i kekahi mea ʻepekema ʻē aʻe.

"ʻO kā McClellan mau ʻōlelo e pili ana i ke kumu i haʻalele ʻole ai ʻo ia i ka pepa he disingenuous, mālama iā ia iho, a hana hewa i ka hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono ʻana," wahi a Sheldon Krimsky, he loea ʻo Tufts University a me kahi hoa o ka Hastings Center, kahi keʻena noiʻi bioethics kūʻokoʻa. ʻO Krimsky kekahi mea hoʻoponopono no ka puke pai ʻo Taylor & Francis i kapa ʻia ʻo “Accountability in Research.”

ʻO Nathan Donley, kahi ʻepekema kiʻekiʻe i hana ʻia e ka Pūnaewele Nonprofit no Biological Diversity i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ka puka ʻole o ka puke pai i kahi moʻo ʻole o ka transparency. "ʻO kēia kekahi o nā hanana hilahila loa i ka paʻi ʻepekema aʻu i ʻike maka ai," wahi a Donley. "ʻO ka mea a mākou e koe nei kahi hōʻike o ka hopohopo i ʻole e heluhelu kekahi a me kahi kuhi hewa ʻole he" kūʻokoʻa "kēia. He lanakila kēia na ka mea pāʻani mana loa i ka ʻoihana pesticide, akā ua loaʻa ia ma ke kumu kūʻai o ka loina i ka ʻepekema. "

Kaomi ma aneʻi e heluhelu i nā ʻaoʻao 400-plus o nā leka uila.